Found in European documentation from the 1980s, this circuit was originally designed for computer applications of the time. However, the basic idea can be adapted for use with microcontrollers.
This circuit uses a capacitor to store energy. The capacitor is charged by closing S1 by a moment. Them,...
This circuit is both a signal injector and a signal follower. A key selects the operating mode. The...
The difference between this circuit and the previous one is that it uses PNP transistors. The...